Chikopa cha PVC (polyvinyl chloride artificial leather) ndi chikopa chopangidwa kuchokera ku polyvinyl chloride (PVC) resin, ndikuwonjezera zowonjezera zogwira ntchito monga plasticizers ndi stabilizers, kupyolera mu zokutira, calendering, kapena lamination. Zotsatirazi ndikuwunika mwatsatanetsatane tanthauzo lake, kawopsedwe, ndi kupanga kwake:
I. Tanthauzo ndi Kapangidwe ka PVC Chikopa
1. Mapangidwe Oyambira
Base layer: Nthawi zambiri nsalu yoluka kapena yoluka, yopereka chithandizo chamakina.
Wosanjikiza wapakatikati: Wosanjikiza wa PVC wokhala ndi thovu wokhala ndi mapulasitiki ndi zinthu zotulutsa thovu, zopatsa mphamvu komanso kufewa.
Zosanjikiza pamwamba: Chophimba cha PVC cha utomoni, chomwe chitha kusindikizidwa kuti chipangike ngati chikopa ndipo chingakhalenso ndi mankhwala oletsa ma abrasion komanso oletsa kuipitsa.
Zogulitsa zina zimakhalanso ndi zomatira za polyurethane (PU) kapena topcoat yowoneka bwino yosamva kuvala kuti igwire bwino ntchito.
2. Makhalidwe Apakati
Katundu Wathupi: Kukana kwa Hydrolysis, kukana kwa abrasion (kusinthasintha mpaka nthawi 30,000 mpaka 100,000), ndi retardancy lawi (B1 grade).
Zolepheretsa Zogwira Ntchito: Kupuma pang'ono (kutsika kuposa chikopa cha PU), kumakonda kuumitsa kutentha pang'ono, komanso kutulutsidwa kwa plasticizer ndikugwiritsa ntchito nthawi yayitali.
2. Mkangano wa poizoni ndi miyezo ya chitetezo cha PVC chikopa
Zomwe zingayambitse poizoni
1. Zowonjezera zovulaza
Plasticizers (plasticizers): Ma phthalates achikhalidwe (monga DOP) amatha kutuluka ndikusokoneza dongosolo la endocrine, makamaka akakumana ndi mafuta kapena kutentha kwambiri.
Heavy metal stabilizers: Ma stabilizer okhala ndi lead ndi cadmium amatha kusamukira ku thupi la munthu, ndipo kudzikundikira kwa nthawi yayitali kumatha kuwononga impso ndi dongosolo lamanjenje.
Vinyl chloride monomer (VCM): VCM yotsalira pakupanga ndi carcinogen yamphamvu.
2. Kuopsa kwa chilengedwe ndi zinyalala
Ma dioxins ndi zinthu zina zapoizoni kwambiri zimatulutsidwa pakuwotchedwa; zitsulo zolemera zimalowa m'nthaka ndi madzi akatayira.
Kubwezeretsanso kumakhala kovuta, ndipo zambiri zimakhala zowononga nthawi zonse.
Miyezo ya Chitetezo ndi Njira Zotetezera
Muyezo wovomerezeka waku China GB 21550-2008 umachepetsa kwambiri zomwe zili zowopsa:
Vinyl chloride monomer: ≤5 mg/kg
Mtovu wosungunuka: ≤90 mg/kg | Cadmium yosungunuka: ≤75 mg/kg
Zowonongeka zina: ≤20 g/m²
Chikopa cha PVC chomwe chimakwaniritsa mulingo uwu (monga zopangira zopanda lead ndi cadmium, kapena kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta a soya opangidwa ndi epoxidized m'malo mwa DOP) chimakhala ndi chiwopsezo chochepa cha kawopsedwe. Komabe, magwiridwe antchito ake azachilengedwe akadali otsika poyerekeza ndi zida zina monga PU chikopa ndi TPU.
Malangizo Ogula: Yang'anani zotsimikizira zachilengedwe (monga FloorScore ndi GREENGUARD) ndipo pewani kugwiritsa ntchito kutentha kwambiri (> 60 ° C) ndikukhudzana ndi zakudya zamafuta.
III. PVC Leather Production process
Core Process
1. Kukonzekera Zopangira Zopangira
Surface Layer Slurry: PVC resin + plasticizer (monga DOP) + stabilizer (yopanda lead) + utoto.
Foaming Layer Slurry: Onjezani chowombera (monga azodicarbonamide) ndi chodzaza chosinthidwa (monga attapulgite kuti muthe kupirira nyengo).
2. Kuumba Njira
Njira yokutira (Njira Yoyambira):
Valani pepala lotulutsa ndi slurry pamwamba (kuyanika pa 170-190 ° C) → Ikani thovu la slurry → Laminate ndi nsalu yoyambira (polyurethane chomangira) → Penyani pepala lotulutsa → Ikani chowongolera pamwamba ndi chogudubuza.
Kalendala Njira:
Kusakaniza kwa utomoni kumatulutsidwa kudzera pa wononga (125-175 ° C) → Mapepala pa kalendala (kutentha kwa 165-180 ° C) → Kutenthedwa ndi nsalu yoyambira.
Kuchita thovu ndi Post-Processing:
Ng'anjo yamoto imagwiritsa ntchito kutentha kwapakati (110-195 ° C) pa liwiro la 15-25 m / min kuti ipange mawonekedwe a microporous.
Kujambula (kujambula kwa mbali ziwiri) ndi chithandizo cha UV cha pamwamba kumapangitsa kuti munthu amve bwino komanso kuti asavale.
Kusintha kwa Njira Yogwirizana ndi chilengedwe
Zida Zina: Mafuta a soya opangidwa ndi epoxidized ndi polyester plasticizer amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo mwa phthalates.
Kusintha kopulumutsa mphamvu: Ukadaulo wapawiri wokhala ndi nthawi imodzi umachepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ndi 30%; mankhwala opangira madzi m'malo mwa zokutira zosungunulira.
- Kusintha kwamachitidwe: Onjezani ma ayoni asiliva (antibacterial), dongo losinthidwa (kusintha mphamvu ndi kukana kukalamba).
IV. Chidule: Mapulogalamu ndi machitidwe
Malo ogwiritsira ntchito: zamkati zamagalimoto (mipando), zophimba mipando, nsapato (zokwera zamasewera), zikwama, ndi zina.
Zomwe zikuchitika pamakampani:
Malamulo oletsa chitetezo cha chilengedwe (monga kuletsa kwa EU PVC), TPU/microfiber chikopa pang'onopang'ono chimalowa m'malo mwa msika wapakati mpaka wapamwamba.
"Technical Specifications for Green Design Product Evaluation" (T/GMPA 14-2023) ikugwiritsidwa ntchito ku China kulimbikitsa kukweza kwachitetezo cha chilengedwe monga zikopa za PVC pansi.
Pomaliza: Chikopa cha PVC chitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito motetezeka potsatira miyezo yachitetezo, koma chiwopsezo cha kuipitsa munjira zopangira / zinyalala chidakalipo. Zogulitsa zovomerezeka zachilengedwe zopanda zitsulo zolemera ndi phthalates zimakondedwa, ndipo chidwi chimaperekedwa pakusintha kwamakampani kukhala zida za PU/bio-based.
Nthawi yotumiza: Jul-29-2025
