Mapangidwe ndi njira zopangira zikopa zachilengedwe, polyurethane (PU) microfiber synthetic leather ndi polyvinyl chloride (PVC) synthetic chikopa anafaniziridwa, ndipo katundu wakuthupi anayesedwa, poyerekeza ndi kusanthula. Zotsatira zikuwonetsa kuti pamakina, magwiridwe antchito a PU microfiber synthetic chikopa ndi abwino kuposa chikopa chenicheni ndi chikopa cha PVC; ponena za ntchito yopindika, kachitidwe ka PU microfiber chikopa chopangidwa ndi PVC ndi chikopa chopangidwa ndi PVC ndi chofanana, ndipo ntchito yopindika imakhala yabwino kuposa yachikopa chenicheni pambuyo pokalamba kutentha kwanyowa, kutentha kwakukulu, kusintha kwa nyengo, ndi kutentha kochepa; pankhani ya kukana kuvala, kukana ndi kung'ambika kwa PU microfiber synthetic chikopa ndi PVC synthetic chikopa ndi bwino kuposa chikopa chenicheni; potengera zinthu zina zakuthupi, mpweya wamadzi wa chikopa chenicheni, PU microfiber synthetic chikopa ndi PVC synthetic chikopa amachepetsa motsatira, ndipo kukhazikika kwa dimensional kwa PU microfiber synthetic chikopa ndi PVC synthetic chikopa pambuyo kukalamba kutentha ndi ofanana ndi bwino kuposa chikopa chenicheni.
Monga gawo lofunikira la mkati mwagalimoto, nsalu zapampando wagalimoto zimakhudza mwachindunji zomwe wogwiritsa ntchito amayendetsa. Zikopa zachilengedwe, polyurethane (PU) microfiber synthetic zikopa (zotchedwa PU microfiber leather) ndi polyvinyl chloride (PVC) zopangidwa ndi zikopa zonse zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pampando.
Zikopa zachilengedwe zakhala zikugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa nthawi yaitali pamoyo wa munthu. Chifukwa cha mankhwala ndi mawonekedwe a helix katatu a collagen palokha, ali ndi ubwino wofewa, kukana kuvala, mphamvu zambiri, kuyamwa kwakukulu kwa chinyezi ndi kutsekemera kwa madzi. Chikopa chachilengedwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pamipando yamipando yamitundu yapakatikati mpaka yapamwamba kwambiri mumakampani amagalimoto (makamaka zikopa za ng'ombe), zomwe zimatha kuphatikiza zinthu zapamwamba komanso zotonthoza.
Ndi chitukuko cha anthu, kupezeka kwa zikopa zachilengedwe kumakhala kovuta kukwaniritsa zofuna za anthu zomwe zikukula. Anthu anayamba kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ndi njira zopangira zikopa zachilengedwe, ndiko kuti, zikopa zopangira. Kubwera kwa chikopa chopangidwa ndi PVC kungayambike m'zaka za m'ma 20 M'zaka za m'ma 1930, unali mbadwo woyamba wa zikopa zopangira. Makhalidwe ake akuthupi ndi amphamvu kwambiri, kukana kuvala, kukana kupindika, kukana kwa asidi ndi alkali, ndi zina zotero, ndipo ndizotsika mtengo komanso zosavuta kuzikonza. Chikopa cha PU microfiber chidapangidwa bwino m'ma 1970. Pambuyo pa kupita patsogolo ndi kupititsa patsogolo ntchito zamakono zamakono, monga mtundu watsopano wa zinthu zopangira zikopa zopangira, zakhala zikugwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri muzovala zapamwamba, mipando, mipira, mkati mwa galimoto ndi zina. Makhalidwe a chikopa cha PU microfiber ndikuti amatengera mawonekedwe amkati ndi mawonekedwe a chikopa chachilengedwe, ndipo chimakhala cholimba kuposa chikopa chenicheni, zabwino zambiri zamtengo wapatali komanso kuyanjana ndi chilengedwe.
Gawo loyesera
PVC synthetic chikopa
Zomwe zimapangidwa ndi chikopa chopangidwa ndi PVC chimagawika makamaka kuti ndi zokutira pamwamba, PVC wandiweyani wosanjikiza, PVC thovu wosanjikiza, PVC zomatira wosanjikiza ndi polyester m'munsi nsalu (onani Chithunzi 1). Mu njira yotulutsira mapepala (njira yosinthira zokutira), slurry ya PVC imadulidwa koyamba kuti ipange PVC wandiweyani wosanjikiza (wosanjikiza pamwamba) papepala lotulutsa, ndikulowa mu uvuni woyamba wa pulasitiki wa gel ndi kuziziritsa; chachiwiri, pambuyo scraping yachiwiri, PVC thovu wosanjikiza aumbike pa maziko a PVC wandiweyani wosanjikiza, ndiyeno plasticized ndi utakhazikika mu uvuni wachiwiri; chachitatu, pambuyo scraping lachitatu, PVC zomatira wosanjikiza (pansi wosanjikiza) amapangidwa, ndipo amamangiriridwa ndi nsalu m'munsi, ndi kulowa mu uvuni wachitatu kwa plasticization ndi thovu; potsiriza, imachotsedwa papepala lotulutsa pambuyo pozizira ndi kupanga (onani Chithunzi 2).
Zikopa zachilengedwe ndi PU microfiber zikopa
Kapangidwe kachikopa kachilengedwe kumaphatikizapo wosanjikiza wambewu, mawonekedwe a ulusi ndi zokutira pamwamba (onani Chithunzi 3(a)). Kapangidwe kachikopa kakang'ono kupita ku chikopa chopangidwa nthawi zambiri amagawidwa m'magawo atatu: kukonzekera, kupukuta ndi kumaliza (onani Chithunzi 4). Cholinga choyambirira cha mapangidwe a chikopa cha PU microfiber ndikutengera chikopa chachilengedwe malinga ndi kapangidwe kazinthu komanso mawonekedwe. Kapangidwe kachikopa ka PU microfiber makamaka kumaphatikizapo PU wosanjikiza, gawo loyambira ndi zokutira pamwamba (onani Chithunzi 3(b)). Pakati pawo, gawo loyambira limagwiritsa ntchito ma microfiber omangidwa omwe ali ndi mawonekedwe ofanana ndi magwiridwe antchito a ulusi wa collagen womangidwa pachikopa chachilengedwe. Kupyolera mu chithandizo chapadera cha ndondomeko, nsalu yotalikirapo yopanda nsalu yokhala ndi maukonde atatu-dimensional network imapangidwa, kuphatikizapo PU yodzaza zinthu ndi mawonekedwe otseguka a microporous (onani Chithunzi 5).
Kukonzekera kwachitsanzo
Zitsanzozi zimachokera kwa ogulitsa nsalu zampando zamagalimoto ambiri pamsika wapanyumba. Zitsanzo ziwiri za chinthu chilichonse, zikopa zenizeni, zikopa za PU microfiber ndi PVC zikopa zopangidwa ndi PVC, zimakonzedwa kuchokera kwa ogulitsa 6 osiyanasiyana. Zitsanzozo zimatchedwa chikopa chenicheni 1# ndi 2#, PU microfiber chikopa 1# ndi 2#, PVC kupanga chikopa 1# ndi 2#. Mtundu wa zitsanzo ndi wakuda.
Kuyesa ndi mawonekedwe
Kuphatikizidwa ndi zofunikira za magalimoto ogwiritsira ntchito zipangizo, zitsanzo zomwe zili pamwambazi zikufanizidwa ndi makina, kukana kupukuta, kukana kuvala ndi zinthu zina zakuthupi. Zoyeserera zenizeni ndi njira zikuwonetsedwa mu Gulu 1.
Table 1 Zinthu zoyesera zenizeni ndi njira zoyezera magwiridwe antchito
| Ayi. | Gulu la magwiridwe antchito | Zinthu zoyesa | Dzina lazida | Njira yoyesera |
| 1 | Main makina katundu | Kuthamanga kwamphamvu / kutalika panthawi yopuma | Makina oyesera a Zwick tensile | TS EN ISO 13934-1 |
| Mphamvu ya misozi | Makina oyesera a Zwick tensile | DIN EN ISO 3377-1 | ||
| Kutalikira kokhazikika / kusinthika kosatha | Kuyimitsidwa bulaketi, zolemera | PV 3909(50 N/30 min) | ||
| 2 | Kukaniza kupindika | Kupinda mayeso | Chikopa kupinda tester | DIN EN ISO 5402-1 |
| 3 | Abrasion resistance | Kuthamanga kwamtundu mpaka kukangana | Woyesa chikopa | DIN EN ISO 11640 |
| Kuwonongeka kwa mbale ya mpira | Martindale abrasion tester | VDA 230-211 | ||
| 4 | Zina zakuthupi katundu | Kuthekera kwa madzi | Chikopa chinyezi choyesa | EN ISO 14268 |
| Chopingasa lawi retardancy | Chida choyezera chopingasa chalawi lamoto | TL. 1010 | ||
| Kukhazikika kwa Dimensional (kuchepa kwapakati) | Ovuni yotentha kwambiri, chipinda chosinthira nyengo, wolamulira | - | ||
| Kutulutsa fungo | Ovuni yotentha kwambiri, chipangizo chosonkhanitsira fungo | VW50180 |
Kusanthula ndi kukambirana
Zimango katundu
Table 2 ikuwonetsa zomwe zimayesa makina oyesera a chikopa chenicheni, chikopa cha PU microfiber ndi PVC chikopa chopanga, pomwe L imayimira njira ya warp ndipo T imayimira mayendedwe a weft. Zitha kuwoneka kuchokera ku Table 2 kuti ponena za mphamvu zowonongeka ndi kutambasula pa nthawi yopuma, mphamvu yowonongeka ya chikopa chachilengedwe kumbali zonse za warp ndi weft ndi yapamwamba kuposa ya PU microfiber chikopa, kusonyeza mphamvu zabwinoko, pamene elongation pa kusweka kwa PU microfiber chikopa ndi chachikulu ndipo kulimba kuli bwino; pamene mphamvu zamakokedwe ndi elongation pa kusweka kwa PVC chikopa kupanga zonse n'zotsika kuposa za zipangizo zina ziwiri. Pankhani ya static elongation ndi mapindikidwe okhazikika, kulimba kwachikopa chachilengedwe ndikwambiri kuposa chikopa cha PU microfiber, kuwonetsa mphamvu zabwinoko, pomwe kutalika kwa chikopa cha PU microfiber ndikokulirapo ndipo kulimba kwake ndikwabwinoko. Pankhani ya mapindikidwe, mapindikidwe okhazikika a PU microfiber chikopa ndi yaying'ono kwambiri mu njira zonse zokhotakhota ndi zokhotakhota (pafupifupi mapindikidwe okhazikika munjira yokhotakhota ndi 0.5%, ndipo pafupifupi mapindikidwe okhazikika munjira ya weft ndi 2.75%), zomwe zikuwonetsa kuti zinthuzo zimakhala ndi ntchito yabwino kwambiri yobwezeretsa pambuyo potambasulidwa, yomwe ili yabwino kuposa chikopa chenicheni cha PVC ndi chikopa chenicheni. Static elongation imatanthawuza kuchuluka kwa mapindikidwe a elongation a zinthu zomwe zili pansi pa kupsinjika panthawi yosonkhanitsa chivundikiro cha mpando. Palibe chofunikira chodziwikiratu muyeso ndipo chimangogwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chiwongola dzanja. Pankhani ya kung'amba mphamvu, zikhalidwe za zitsanzo zitatuzi ndizofanana ndipo zimatha kukwaniritsa zofunikira.
Table 2 Mechanical properties test zotsatira za chikopa chenicheni, PU microfiber chikopa ndi PVC synthetic chikopa
| Chitsanzo | Mphamvu yamphamvu / MPa | Kuchulukitsa panthawi yopuma/% | Kutalikira kokhazikika/% | Kusintha kokhazikika/% | Mphamvu ya misozi/N | |||||
| L | T | L | T | L | T | L | T | L | T | |
| Chikopa chenicheni 1# | 17.7 | 16.6 | 54.4 | 50.7 | 19.0 | 11.3 | 5.3 | 3.0 | 50 | 52.4 |
| Chikopa chenicheni 2# | 15.5 | 15.0 | 58.4 | 58.9 | 19.2 | 12.7 | 4.2 | 3.0 | 33.7 | 34.1 |
| Chikopa chenicheni | ≥9.3 | ≥9.3 | ≥30.0 | ≥40.0 | ≤3.0 | ≤4.0 | ≥25.0 | ≥25.0 | ||
| PU microfiber chikopa 1# | 15.0 | 13.0 | 81.4 | 120.0 | 6.3 | 21.0 | 0.5 | 2.5 | 49.7 | 47.6 |
| PU microfiber chikopa 2# | 12.9 | 11.4 | 61.7 | 111.5 | 7.5 | 22.5 | 0.5 | 3.0 | 67.8 | 66.4 |
| PU Microfiber chikopa muyezo | ≥9.3 | ≥9.3 | ≥30.0 | ≥40.0 | ≤3.0 | ≤4.0 | ≥40.0 | ≥40.0 | ||
| PVC synthetic chikopa I# | 7.4 | 5.9 | 120.0 | 130.5 | 16.8 | 38.3 | 1.2 | 3.3 | 62.5 | 35.3 |
| PVC kupanga chikopa 2# | 7.9 | 5.7 | 122.4 | 129.5 | 22.5 | 52.0 | 2.0 | 5.0 | 41.7 | 33.2 |
| PVC synthetic chikopa muyezo | ≥3.6 | ≥3.6 | ≤3.0 | ≤6.0 | ≥30.0 | ≥25.0 | ||||
Nthawi zambiri, zitsanzo zachikopa za PU microfiber zimakhala ndi mphamvu zokhazikika, zotalikirana panthawi yopuma, kupindika kosatha ndi kung'amba mphamvu, ndipo mawonekedwe athunthu amakina ndiabwino kuposa a zikopa zenizeni ndi zitsanzo zachikopa za PVC.
Kukaniza kupindika
Mayiko a zitsanzo zoyeserera zopindika amagawika m'magulu 6, omwe ndi gawo loyambirira (dziko losakhazikika), kutentha kwachinyezi, kutentha pang'ono (-10 ℃), xenon light aging state (PV1303/3P), kutentha kwambiri kukalamba (100 ℃/168h) ndi kusintha kwa nyengo kukalamba (PV20P0). Njira yopindika ndiyo kugwiritsa ntchito chida chopindika chachikopa kukonza malekezero awiri a chitsanzo cha makona anayi munjira yautali pazitsulo zapamwamba ndi zapansi za chidacho, kuti chitsanzocho ndi 90 °, ndikuwerama mobwerezabwereza pa liwiro linalake ndi ngodya. Zotsatira zopindika zoyeserera zachikopa chenicheni, chikopa cha PU microfiber ndi PVC chikopa chopangidwa ndi PVC chikuwonetsedwa mu Table 3. Zitha kuwoneka kuchokera pa Table 3 kuti zikopa zenizeni, PU microfiber zikopa ndi zitsanzo za PVC zopangidwa ndi zikopa zonse zimapindidwa pambuyo pa 100,000 nthawi mu 100,000 nthawi mu xenon 100 nthawi ya xenon 00. Ikhoza kukhalabe ndi chikhalidwe chabwino popanda ming'alu kapena kupsinjika maganizo. M'madera ena okalamba, monga kutentha kwa chinyezi, kutentha kwa kutentha, kutentha kwa kutentha, ndi kusintha kwa nyengo kukalamba kwa PU microfiber chikopa ndi PVC chikopa chopangidwa ndi PVC, zitsanzo zimatha kupirira mayesero opindika 30,000. Pambuyo pa mayeso opindika 7,500 mpaka 8,500, ming'alu kapena kuyera kwapang'onopang'ono kudayamba kuwonekera munyengo yonyowa yokalamba komanso kutentha kwambiri kwachikopa chenicheni, komanso kukalamba kwa kutentha konyowa (168h / 70 ℃/75%) ndikotsika kuposa kwachikopa cha PU microfiber. Chikopa cha CHIKWANGWANI ndi PVC chikopa chopanga (240h/90 ℃/95%). Momwemonso, pambuyo pa mayeso opindika 14,000 ~ 15,000, ming'alu kapena kupsinjika koyera kumawonekera pachikopa pambuyo pa kukalamba kwanyengo. Izi zili choncho chifukwa kukana kupindika kwa chikopa makamaka kumadalira mtundu wanjere wachilengedwe ndi mawonekedwe a ulusi wa chikopa choyambirira, ndipo magwiridwe ake siwofanana ndi azinthu zopangidwa ndi mankhwala. Momwemonso, zofunikira zakuthupi zachikopa ndizochepa. Izi zikuwonetsa kuti chikopacho ndi "chosakhwima" kwambiri ndipo ogwiritsa ntchito ayenera kusamala kwambiri kapena kusamala pakukonza pakagwiritsidwa ntchito.
Table 3 Folding zotsatira zoyesa zachikopa chenicheni, PU microfiber chikopa ndi PVC synthetic chikopa
| Chitsanzo | Dziko loyamba | Kunyowa kutentha kukalamba chikhalidwe | Kutentha kwapansi | Xenon kuwala kukalamba state | Kutentha kwakukulu kukalamba chikhalidwe | Kusintha kwanyengo kukalamba |
| Chikopa chenicheni 1# | Nthawi 100,000, palibe ming'alu kapena kupsinjika mtima kuyera | 168 h/70 ℃/75% 8 000 nthawi, ming'alu idayamba kuwoneka, kupsinjika kuyera | Nthawi 32 000, ming'alu idayamba kuwonekera, palibe kupsinjika kuyera | 10 000 nthawi, palibe ming'alu kapena kupsinjika kuyera | Nthawi za 7500, ming'alu idayamba kuwonekera, palibe kupsinjika kuyera | Nthawi 15 000, ming'alu idayamba kuwonekera, palibe kupsinjika kuyera |
| Chikopa chenicheni 2# | Nthawi 100,000, palibe ming'alu kapena kupsinjika mtima kuyera | 168 h/70 ℃/75% 8 500 nthawi, ming'alu idayamba kuwoneka, kupsinjika kumayera. | Nthawi 32 000, ming'alu idayamba kuwonekera, palibe kupsinjika kuyera | 10 000 nthawi, palibe ming'alu kapena kupsinjika kuyera | Nthawi 8000, ming'alu idayamba kuwoneka, palibe kupsinjika kuyera | Nthawi 4000, ming'alu idayamba kuwoneka, palibe kupsinjika kuyera |
| PU microfiber chikopa 1# | Nthawi 100,000, palibe ming'alu kapena kupsinjika mtima kuyera | 240 h/90 ℃/95% 30 000 nthawi, palibe ming'alu kapena kupsinjika mtima whitening | 35 000 nthawi, palibe ming'alu kapena kupsinjika mtima whitening | 10 000 nthawi, palibe ming'alu kapena kupsinjika kuyera | 30 000 nthawi, palibe ming'alu kapena kupsinjika kuyera | 30 000 nthawi, palibe ming'alu kapena kupsinjika kuyera |
| PU microfiber chikopa 2# | Nthawi 100,000, palibe ming'alu kapena kupsinjika mtima kuyera | 240 h/90 ℃/95% 30 000 nthawi, palibe ming'alu kapena kupsinjika mtima whitening | 35 000 nthawi, palibe ming'alu kapena kupsinjika mtima whitening | 10 000 nthawi, palibe ming'alu kapena kupsinjika kuyera | 30 000 nthawi, palibe ming'alu kapena kupsinjika kuyera | 30 000 nthawi, palibe ming'alu kapena kupsinjika kuyera |
| PVC kupanga chikopa 1# | Nthawi 100,000, palibe ming'alu kapena kupsinjika mtima kuyera | 240 h/90 ℃/95% 30 000 nthawi, palibe ming'alu kapena kupsinjika mtima whitening | 35 000 nthawi, palibe ming'alu kapena kupsinjika mtima whitening | 10 000 nthawi, palibe ming'alu kapena kupsinjika kuyera | 30 000 nthawi, palibe ming'alu kapena kupsinjika kuyera | 30 000 nthawi, palibe ming'alu kapena kupsinjika kuyera |
| PVC kupanga chikopa 2# | Nthawi 100,000, palibe ming'alu kapena kupsinjika mtima kuyera | 240 h/90 ℃/95% 30 000 nthawi, palibe ming'alu kapena kupsinjika mtima whitening | 35 000 nthawi, palibe ming'alu kapena kupsinjika mtima whitening | 10 000 nthawi, palibe ming'alu kapena kupsinjika kuyera | 30 000 nthawi, palibe ming'alu kapena kupsinjika kuyera | 30 000 nthawi, palibe ming'alu kapena kupsinjika kuyera |
| Zofunikira zenizeni zachikopa | Nthawi 100,000, palibe ming'alu kapena kupsinjika mtima kuyera | 168 h/70 ℃/75% 5 000 nthawi, palibe ming'alu kapena kupsinjika mtima whitening | 30 000 nthawi, palibe ming'alu kapena kupsinjika kuyera | 10 000 nthawi, palibe ming'alu kapena kupsinjika kuyera | Palibe zofunika | Palibe chofunikira |
| PU microfiber zikopa zofunika muyezo | Nthawi 100,000, palibe ming'alu kapena kupsinjika mtima kuyera | 240 h/90 ℃/95% 30 000 nthawi, palibe ming'alu kapena kupsinjika mtima whitening | 30 000 nthawi, palibe ming'alu kapena kupsinjika kuyera | 10 000 nthawi, palibe ming'alu kapena kupsinjika kuyera | 30 000 nthawi, palibe ming'alu kapena kupsinjika kuyera | 30 000 nthawi, palibe ming'alu kapena kupsinjika kuyera |
Nthawi zambiri, kupindika kwa chikopa, PU microfiber chikopa ndi zitsanzo za PVC zopangira ndi zabwino poyambira komanso kukalamba kwa xenon. M'nyengo yonyowa kutentha kukalamba, kutentha pang'ono, kutentha kwapamwamba kukalamba ndi kusintha kwa nyengo kukalamba, kupindika kwa PU microfiber chikopa ndi PVC chikopa chopangidwa ndi zofanana, zomwe ziri bwino kuposa zachikopa.
Abrasion resistance
Kuyesa kukana kwa abrasion kumaphatikizapo kuyesa kuthamangitsidwa kwamtundu wamtundu komanso kuyesa kwa abrasion ya mpira. Zotsatira zoyesa kukana kwa chikopa, chikopa cha PU microfiber ndi PVC chikopa chopangidwa ndi PVC chikuwonetsedwa mu Table 4. Zotsatira zoyeserera zamtundu wa friction zikuwonetsa kuti zikopa, PU microfiber zikopa ndi zitsanzo za PVC zopangidwa ndi chikopa zili poyambira, madzi osungunuka anyowa, thukuta la alkaline lidanyowa kwambiri, 9% itanyowa kwambiri. kusungidwa pamwamba pa 4.0, ndipo mtundu wa chitsanzocho ndi wokhazikika ndipo sudzatha chifukwa cha kukangana pamwamba. Zotsatira za mayeso a abrasion abrasion a mpira zikuwonetsa kuti pambuyo pa nthawi ya 1800-1900 kuvala, zitsanzo zachikopa zimakhala ndi mabowo owonongeka a 10, omwe amasiyana kwambiri ndi kukana kwa PU microfiber chikopa ndi zitsanzo zachikopa za PVC (zonse zilibe mabowo owonongeka pambuyo pa nthawi 19,000). Chifukwa cha mabowo owonongeka ndi chakuti chimanga cha chikopa chimawonongeka pambuyo pa kuvala, ndipo kuvala kwake kumakhala kosiyana kwambiri ndi zinthu zopangidwa ndi mankhwala. Chifukwa chake, kukana kofooka kwa chikopa kumafunanso kuti ogwiritsa ntchito azisamalira kukonza pakagwiritsidwe ntchito.
| Table 4 Zotsatira zoyesa za kukana kwa chikopa chenicheni, PU microfiber chikopa ndi PVC synthetic chikopa | |||||
| Zitsanzo | Kuthamanga kwamtundu mpaka kukangana | Kuvala mbale za mpira | |||
| Dziko loyamba | Deionized madzi ankawaviika boma | zamchere thukuta ananyowa boma | 96% ethanol adanyowa dziko | Dziko loyamba | |
| (2000 nthawi kukangana) | (nthawi 500 kukangana) | (nthawi 100 kukangana) | (kukangana ka 5) | ||
| Chikopa chenicheni 1# | 5.0 | 4.5 | 5.0 | 5.0 | Pafupifupi 1900 nthawi 11 mabowo owonongeka |
| Chikopa chenicheni 2# | 5.0 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 4.5 | Pafupifupi 1800 nthawi 9 mabowo owonongeka |
| PU microfiber chikopa 1# | 5.0 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 4.5 | Nthawi 19 000 Palibe mabowo owonongeka |
| PU microfiber chikopa 2# | 5.0 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 4.5 | Nthawi 19 000 popanda mabowo owonongeka |
| PVC kupanga chikopa 1# | 5.0 | 4.5 | 5.0 | 5.0 | Nthawi 19 000 popanda mabowo owonongeka |
| PVC kupanga chikopa 2# | 5.0 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 4.5 | Nthawi 19 000 popanda mabowo owonongeka |
| Zofunikira zenizeni zachikopa | ≥4.5 | ≥4.5 | ≥4.5 | ≥4.0 | Nthawi za 1500 za kuvala ndi kung'amba Zosapitilira 4 mabowo owonongeka |
| Zofunikira zachikopa za Synthetic | ≥4.5 | ≥4.5 | ≥4.5 | ≥4.0 | Nthawi za 19000 zakuvala ndi kung'amba Zosapitilira 4 mabowo owonongeka |
Nthawi zambiri, zikopa zenizeni, zikopa za PU microfiber ndi zitsanzo za PVC zopanga zonse zimakhala ndi kugundana kwamtundu wabwino, ndipo chikopa cha PU microfiber ndi PVC chikopa chopangidwa ndi PVC chimakhala ndi kusweka bwino kuposa chikopa chenicheni, chomwe chingalepheretse kung'ambika.
Zina zakuthupi katundu
Zotsatira zoyeserera za kutha kwa madzi, kubweza kopingasa lawi lamoto, kuchepa kwa mawonekedwe ndi fungo lachikopa chenicheni, zikopa za PU microfiber ndi zitsanzo zachikopa za PVC zikuwonetsedwa patebulo 5.
| Table 5 Zotsatira za mayeso azinthu zina zachikopa chenicheni, PU microfiber chikopa ndi PVC synthetic chikopa | ||||
| Chitsanzo | Kuthekera kwa madzi/(mg/10cm² · 24h) | Kuchedwa kwa lawi lopingasa/(mm/mphindi) | Dimensional shrinkage/%(120℃/168 h) | Mulingo wafungo |
| Chikopa chenicheni 1# | 3.0 | Zosayaka | 3.4 | 3.7 |
| Chikopa chenicheni 2# | 3.1 | Zosayaka | 2.6 | 3.7 |
| PU microfiber chikopa 1# | 1.5 | Zosayaka | 0.3 | 3.7 |
| PU microfiber chikopa 2# | 1.7 | Zosayaka | 0.5 | 3.7 |
| PVC kupanga chikopa 1# | Osayesedwa | Zosayaka | 0.2 | 3.7 |
| PVC kupanga chikopa 2# | Osayesedwa | Zosayaka | 0.4 | 3.7 |
| Zofunikira zenizeni zachikopa | ≥1.0 | ≤100 | ≤5 | ≤3.7 (kupatuka ndikovomerezeka) |
| PU microfiber zikopa zofunika muyezo | Palibe chofunikira | ≤100 | ≤2 | ≤3.7 (kupatuka ndikovomerezeka) |
| Zofunikira za PVC zopangira zikopa | Palibe chofunikira | ≤100 | Palibe chofunikira | ≤3.7 (kupatuka ndikovomerezeka) |
Kusiyanitsa kwakukulu kwa data yoyesera ndikuthekera kwamadzi ndi kuchepa kwapang'onopang'ono. Kuthekera kwamadzi kwachikopa kumakhala pafupifupi kuwirikiza kawiri kuposa chikopa cha PU microfiber, pomwe chikopa cha PVC sichikhala ndi madzi okwanira. Izi zili choncho chifukwa mafupa atatu amtundu wa netiweki (nsalu yosalukidwa) mu chikopa cha PU microfiber ndi ofanana ndi mtolo wachilengedwe wa collagen fiber yachikopa, yonse yomwe ili ndi tinthu tating'onoting'ono, kupangitsa kuti onse azikhala ndi madzi ena. Kuphatikiza apo, gawo lapakati la ulusi wa collagen pachikopa ndi lalikulu komanso logawidwa mofanana, ndipo gawo la microporous space ndi lalikulu kuposa lachikopa cha PU microfiber, kotero chikopa chimakhala ndi madzi abwino kwambiri. Pankhani ya kuchepa kwapang'onopang'ono, pambuyo pokalamba kutentha (120 ℃/1 Miyezo ya PU microfiber yachikopa ndi zitsanzo za PVC zopangidwa ndi chikopa pambuyo pa ukalamba wotentha (68h) ndizofanana komanso zotsika kwambiri kuposa zachikopa chenicheni, ndipo kukhazikika kwake kumakhala bwinoko kusiyana ndi kuwonjezereka kwa chikopa chenichenicho, zotsatira za chikopa chenichenicho ndi zotsatira zowoneka bwino. wonetsani kuti zikopa zenizeni, PU microfiber zikopa ndi zitsanzo za PVC zopangira zikopa zimatha kufika pamiyeso yofanana, ndipo zimatha kukwaniritsa zofunikira zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito poyang'ana kutentha kwa moto ndi kununkhira.
Nthawi zambiri, kutulutsa kwamadzi kwachikopa chenicheni, chikopa cha PU microfiber ndi zitsanzo zachikopa za PVC kumachepetsanso. Miyezo yocheperako (kukhazikika kwamkati) kwa chikopa cha PU microfiber ndi PVC chikopa chopangidwa pambuyo pokalamba kutentha ndizofanana komanso zabwinoko kuposa zikopa zenizeni, ndipo kuyanika kwamoto kopingasa ndikobwinoko kuposa kwachikopa chenicheni. Zoyatsira ndi fungo ndizofanana.
Mapeto
Kapangidwe kagawo kakang'ono ka chikopa cha PU microfiber ndi chofanana ndi chikopa chachilengedwe. Chosanjikiza cha PU ndi gawo loyambira la chikopa cha PU microfiber chimayenderana ndi gawo lambewu ndi gawo la fiber. Zomwe zimapangidwa ndi wosanjikiza, wosanjikiza thovu, zomatira ndi nsalu yoyambira ya PU microfiber chikopa ndi chikopa chopangidwa ndi PVC ndizosiyana.
Ubwino wazinthu zachikopa chachilengedwe ndikuti zimakhala ndi makina abwino (mphamvu yamakina ≥15MPa, elongation panthawi yopuma> 50%) komanso kutsekemera kwamadzi. Ubwino wazinthu za PVC zopangira zikopa ndizovala kukana (palibe kuwonongeka pambuyo pa nthawi 19,000 za kuvala kwa bolodi la mpira), ndipo zimagonjetsedwa ndi zochitika zosiyanasiyana zachilengedwe. Ziwalozo zimakhala zolimba (kuphatikiza kukana chinyezi ndi kutentha, kutentha kwambiri, kutentha pang'ono, ndi nyengo zosinthasintha) komanso kukhazikika kwabwino (kuchepa kwapakati pa 5% pansi pa 120 ℃/168h). Chikopa cha PU microfiber chili ndi zabwino zonse zachikopa chenicheni komanso chikopa cha PVC. Zotsatira zoyesa zamakina, magwiridwe antchito, kukana kuvala, kutsika kwamoto wopingasa, kukhazikika kwa mawonekedwe, mulingo wafungo, ndi zina zotere zimatha kufika pamlingo wabwino kwambiri wachikopa chenicheni chachilengedwe ndi zikopa zopangidwa ndi PVC, ndipo nthawi yomweyo zimakhala ndi madzi ena. Chifukwa chake, chikopa cha PU microfiber chimatha kukwaniritsa zofunikira pamipando yamagalimoto ndipo chimakhala ndi chiyembekezo chogwiritsa ntchito.
Nthawi yotumiza: Nov-19-2024
